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Economics & Planning Tools

🔄 A. Planning ≠ Economics — But They’re Inseparable

Planning tells you what you want to do.

Economics tells you whether it’s worth doing — and how much margin there is.

🔁 In this fruit pulp business:

• बिना प्लानिंग के मशीन भेजना = खाली बैठने का रिस्क

• बिना इकॉनॉमिक्स देखे फल खरीदना = नुकसान का खतरा

एक्ज़ैक्ट सवाल:

• कितना फल चाहिए रोज़?

• कितने दिन का प्लान है?

• एक किलो pulp की लागत कितनी होगी?

• क्या बाज़ार में उसी pulp की सही कीमत मिल रही है?

👉 अगर इन सवालों का जवाब प्लानिंग में नहीं है, तो इकॉनॉमिक्स कभी फिट नहीं बैठेगी।

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📈 B. Break-Even Logic (लागत बनाम मुनाफा कैसे समझें?)

To break even:

• Total Cost/kg of pulp = Fruit + Labor + Diesel + Packaging + Transport + Misc

• Market Price/kg of pulp = Average sale rate (drum/loose/contract)

• If Selling Price > Cost → Profit

• If Selling Price < Cost → STOP or RETHINK

🧮 Example:

Cost Head ₹/kg
Fruit (raw)₹6.00
Labor + Local ops₹2.00
Diesel, electricity₹1.50
Packaging₹2.00
Transport₹1.00
Total Cost₹12.50
Selling Price₹16.00
Margin₹3.50/kg

🛑 Danger Zone:

• If cost > ₹14/kg and buyer gives ₹12… Loss guaranteed.

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💸 C. Cash vs Credit (फल खरीदने के दो मॉडल)

1️⃣ Cash Purchase

✅ Immediate delivery

✅ Scope for discount (₹1–2/kg)

⚠️ Requires upfront liquidity

⚠️ Risk of over-buying

2️⃣ Credit Purchase

✅ Helps with working capital

✅ Flexible vendor payments

⚠️ High fruit rate (vendor adds margin)

⚠️ Delayed payment → strained relations

🔁 SNL Planning Tip: Mix both models – e.g., 70% cash, 30% credit depending on market trend and pulp buyer payment cycle.

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📊 D. Volume Planning: Minimum – Optimum – Maximum

Why plan volumes? क्योंकि machine, manpower और material उसी के हिसाब से deploy होंगे।

Level Volume/day When to use
Minimum1000 kgTrial site, low season
Optimum1500–2000 kgNormal run, steady supply
Maximum2500–3000 kgPeak harvest, pre-confirmed pulp buyer

📦 Packaging Impact:

• 1000 kg pulp = 200 packs of 5kg

• 3000 kg pulp = requires more labor + extra storage

• Volume affects → labor required, diesel usage, packing stock, buyer commitment

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🧾 E. Costing Templates (Ready-to-Use Calculation Sheets)

Cost Head Unit Est. Rate Notes
Fruit₹/kg₹5–8Season, grade dependent
Labor₹/day₹350–₹500Skilled + unskilled
Diesel₹/ltr₹905–7 ltr/hour
Electricity₹/kWh₹10From grid or generator
Packaging₹/unit₹2–₹15Pouch/Drum/Label
Transport₹/km₹10–₹15Depends on return trip
Misc₹/kg₹0.50–₹1Water, PPE, cleaning

📥 SNL HO Tip: Provide Excel template to site leads for weekly cost vs pulp output vs market rate.

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💹 F. Pulp Pricing Cycle – Know the Market

Pulp की rate हर fruit, season और region में बदलती है। इसलिए अच्छा प्लान वही है जो market की सांसों को पहचानता है।

Fruit Season Avg. Pulp Price (₹/kg) Fluctuation Risk
आम (Mango)May–June₹20–₹28High
अमरूद (Guava)Nov–Feb₹16–₹22Medium
पपीता (Papaya)All Year₹12–₹18Low
केला (Banana)All Year₹10–₹15Medium
चीकू (Sapota)Feb–May₹18–₹24Medium

📌 Pro Insight:

• If fruit supply is high, pulp rate goes down.

• If demand is locked (pre-booked), margins stay stable.

• Talk to 3–5 buyers before you start — confirm indicative price.

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🧠 Final Thought: Economics is Planning with a Calculator

प्लानिंग आपको रास्ता दिखाती है।

इकॉनॉमिक्स आपको बताता है कि उस रास्ते पर जाने में कितना खर्चा है और क्या मुनाफा होगा।

📢 So before every machine move:

“Plan the site. Estimate the numbers. Compare pulp value. THEN approve.”

That’s how SNL wins — one fruit lot at a time. 🍍💸📊